There once existed what is referred to as the Gallican Rite, used in Gaulish or Frankish territories. Of other liturgical families, the main survivors are what is now referred to officially as the Hispano-Mozarabic Rite, still in restricted use in Spain the Ambrosian Rite, centred geographically on the Archdiocese of Milan, in Italy, and much closer in form, though not specific content, to the Roman Rite and the Carthusian Rite, practised within the strict Carthusian monastic Order, which also employs in general terms forms similar to the Roman Rite, but with a number of significant divergences which have adapted it to the distinctive way of life of the Carthusians. Within the substantial cultural and theological unity of the Latin Church, local traditions flourished in ancient times as is exemplified by the different theological methodologies of four major figures known as the Latin Doctors of the Church who lived in the 2nd–7th centuries in territories which included Roman north Africa and Palestine.Īs regards liturgical forms, there exist and have existed since ancient times differing traditions of Latin liturgical rites, of which the predominant has been the Roman Rite. The Catholic Church teaches that its bishops are the successors of Jesus' apostles, and that the Pope is the successor to Saint Peter upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. One of the pope's traditional titles in some eras and contexts has been the Patriarch of the West.
It is also known as the Roman Church ( Latin: Ecclesia Romana), and in some contexts as the Roman Catholic Church (though this name also refers to the Catholic Church as a whole). The Latin Church historically developed within, and has strongly influenced Western culture as such, it is also known as the Western Church ( Latin: Ecclesia Occidentalis). The Latin Church is directly headed by the Pope in his role as the Bishop of Rome, whose cathedra as a bishop is located in the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome, Italy. The predominant liturgical rite is the Roman Rite, elements of which have been practiced since the fourth century. The Latin Church traditionally employs the Latin liturgical rites, which since the mid-twentieth century are very often translated into the vernacular language. The Latin Church is one of 24 churches sui iuris in communion with the pope the other 23 are referred to as the Eastern Catholic Churches, and have approximately 18 million members combined. The Latin Church ( Latin: Ecclesia Latina) is the largest particular church within the Catholic Church, whose members constitute the vast majority of the 1.3 billion Christians in communion with the Pope in Rome.
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